You can rest assured, as well as – and especially – certainly one of positives, that our rational code is highly organized. There is a large number of relations between your unmarried terms out-of a vocabulary and significance of these words, respectively. Certainly one of linguists, this type of affairs have been called “semantic interactions”, “feel relationships” or “lexical relations”. These semantic connections should be analysed and you may discussed for the most area, as well as in another, initial of them of them relationships are to be showed.
To offer a preliminary, crucial description of your cutting edge, it ought to be said that there are some studies about this issue. However, which paper can just only are many of them. Books that has been utilized is obtainable below point six, “Set of Works Quoted”. Venture delimitations only have become produced as far as outline is alarmed. As this paper is only an incredibly brief little bit of research, brand new article writers have confined on their own not to ever enter excessive outline, but alternatively try to promote an effective survey of your issue.
2.step one Polysemy And you can Homonymy
Polysemy can be defined as “an expression used in semantic studies to refer so you can a lexical item with a selection of more significance” (Crystal 1997, 297). Crystal brings since analogy to have polysemy the lexical item “plain”, with the many definitions “clear”, “unadorned”, “obvious”, an such like.(ibid. Crystal).
Today, the difficulty one pops up getting linguists is how to identify polysemy off another type of ambiguity, away from homonymy. Amazingly represent homonymy given that “an expression used in semantic investigation to refer to help you [a couple of] lexical items which [affect] have the same form, however, differ during the definition” (Crystal 1997, 185). Crystal’s advice here are “bear” and you will “ear”. “Bear” is also define an animal otherwise may have the meaning away from “to create” promo kódy charmdate, “ear” can be relate to your body or to corn (ibid. Crystal).
In these instances, homonymy talks about both verbal and composed versions, but it is and likely that brand new label out of a few lexemes is within one average, whereby linguists carry out speak of limited homonymy otherwise heteronymy (ibid. Crystal). One can possibly distinguish 2 kinds of limited homonymy:
– Homography: several lexical circumstances have the same authored setting, however, disagree in enunciation (an illustration are definitely the one or two lexical bits of “lead”, you to definitely pronounced [li:d] and you can definition “to stay top”, another obvious [led] and you can defining an alternate style of metal). – Homophony: one or two lexical things have the same enunciation, however, disagree inside the spelling
(elizabeth.grams. the two lexical issues “led” and you can “lead”, both of which can be obvious [led], the initial as the prior demanding away from “to lead”, the second once more identifying yet another kind of steel).
two sorts Out of Ambiguity
Ergo, polysemy and homonymy is going to be distinguished from both of the present or missing relatedness involving the significance which is designated to one phonological mode. What’s the center of your amount, is the concern as to what the amount this idea out of “relatedness” is going to be specified. Put another way: just how do “relatedness” end up being discussed? When the a definite and precise definition could well be considering, the complete problem would-be set, getting then the technology from phonological models whoever relatedness can be turned out might be entitled “homonymy”, whoever relatedness can’t be ended up will be titled “polysemy”. Although not, because the goes oftentimes in the area of semantics, one cannot simply render an obvious and indisputable concept of the phrase “relatedness”. There have been two first solutions to this problem, you to definitely provided by historical semantics, the other of the synchronic semantics.
Historic semantics interprets the notion “relatedness” generally genetically and that talks of polysemy when the a great lexeme with other significance bears an equivalent etymological root (Kastovsky 1982, 121). Advice is actually “game” toward a couple definitions “wildlife” and you may “lively activity” or “funny” meaning possibly “strange” or “amusing”. One another examples reveal lexemes whose other meanings have the same etymological roots and they are hence translated once the polysemy by the historic semantics.
